Guide to DSM-5-TR Mental Health Disorders and Diagnostic Categories
Table of Contents
Navigating the complexities of mental health diagnosis can be challenging, but the DSM-5-TR serves as an invaluable guide for professionals and students alike. This comprehensive manual categorizes and defines a wide array of mental disorders, providing standardized criteria to ensure consistent and accurate diagnoses. From neurodevelopmental disorders to personality disorders, understanding the DSM-5-TR’s structure and classifications is crucial for effective mental health care. Join us as we delve into the intricacies of this essential resource and explore the diverse spectrum of mental health conditions it encompasses.
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Neurodevelopmental disorders typically manifest early in development and are characterized by developmental deficits that produce impairments of personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning.
Intellectual Disabilities
Communication Disorders
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Specific Learning Disorder
Motor Disorders
Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
These disorders are characterized by abnormalities in one or more of the following domains: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking (speech), grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behavior (including catatonia), and negative symptoms.
Schizophrenia
Schizophreniform Disorder
Schizoaffective Disorder
Delusional Disorder
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Other Specified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorder
Unspecified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorder
Bipolar and Related Disorders
Bipolar and related disorders involve mood disturbances that include episodes of mania or hypomania and episodes of depression.
Bipolar I Disorder
Bipolar II Disorder
Cyclothymic Disorder
Other Specified Bipolar and Related Disorder
Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorder
Depressive Disorders
Depressive disorders are characterized by the presence of sad, empty, or irritable mood, accompanied by somatic and cognitive changes that significantly affect the individual’s capacity to function.
Major Depressive Disorder
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Other Specified Depressive Disorder
Unspecified Depressive Disorder
Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety disorders involve excessive fear and anxiety and related behavioral disturbances. Fear is the emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat, whereas anxiety is anticipation of future threat.
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Selective Mutism
Specific Phobia
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
Panic Disorder
Agoraphobia
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Other Specified Anxiety Disorder
Unspecified Anxiety Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
These disorders are characterized by the presence of obsessions and/or compulsions. Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experienced as intrusive and unwanted.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Hoarding Disorder
Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)
Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder
Other Specified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder
Unspecified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder
Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
These disorders are characterized by exposure to a traumatic or stressful event. They may include both psychological and physical symptoms.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Acute Stress Disorder
Adjustment Disorders
Reactive Attachment Disorder
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
Other Specified Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorder
Unspecified Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorder
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative disorders are characterized by a disruption in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Dissociative Amnesia
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
Other Specified Dissociative Disorder
Unspecified Dissociative Disorder
Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
These disorders are characterized by the prominence of somatic symptoms associated with significant distress and impairment.
Somatic Symptom Disorder
Illness Anxiety Disorder
Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Factitious Disorder
Other Specified Somatic Symptom and Related Disorder
Unspecified Somatic Symptom and Related Disorder
Feeding and Eating Disorders
Feeding and eating disorders are characterized by persistent disturbance of eating or eating-related behavior that results in the altered consumption or absorption of food.
Pica
Rumination Disorder
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Anorexia Nervosa
Bulimia Nervosa
Binge-Eating Disorder
Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder
Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder
Elimination Disorders
These disorders involve the inappropriate elimination of urine or feces and are usually first diagnosed in childhood or adolescence.
Enuresis
Encopresis
Other Specified Elimination Disorder
Unspecified Elimination Disorder
Sleep-Wake Disorders
Sleep-wake disorders encompass a range of problems characterized by dissatisfaction regarding the quality, timing, and amount of sleep, resulting in daytime distress and impairment.
Insomnia Disorder
Hypersomnolence Disorder
Narcolepsy
Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders
Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders
Parasomnias
Sleep-Related Movement Disorders
Other Specified Sleep-Wake Disorder
Unspecified Sleep-Wake Disorder
Sexual Dysfunctions
Sexual dysfunctions are characterized by a clinically significant disturbance in a person’s ability to respond sexually or to experience sexual pleasure.
Delayed Ejaculation
Erectile Disorder
Female Orgasmic Disorder
Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder
Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder
Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
Premature (Early) Ejaculation
Substance/Medication-Induced Sexual Dysfunction
Other Specified Sexual Dysfunction
Unspecified Sexual Dysfunction
Gender Dysphoria
Gender dysphoria involves a conflict between a person’s physical or assigned gender and the gender with which they identify, causing significant distress or impairment.
Gender Dysphoria in Children
Gender Dysphoria in Adolescents and Adults
Other Specified Gender Dysphoria
Unspecified Gender Dysphoria
Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders
These disorders involve problems with emotional and behavioral self-control, including difficulties with aggression, destructiveness, deceitfulness, or rule violations.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Intermittent Explosive Disorder
Conduct Disorder
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Pyromania
Kleptomania
Other Specified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorder
Unspecified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorder
Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
These disorders involve the misuse of substances such as alcohol and drugs, as well as non-substance-related behavioral addictions like gambling.
Substance Use Disorders
Substance-Induced Disorders
Non-Substance-Related Disorders (Gambling Disorder)
Neurocognitive Disorders
Neurocognitive disorders are characterized by a decline in cognitive function, which represents a change from a previous level of performance and is not attributable to delirium or another mental disorder.
Delirium
Major and Mild Neurocognitive Disorders (e.g., due to Alzheimer’s disease, vascular disease, traumatic brain injury, etc.)
Personality Disorders
Personality disorders are enduring patterns of inner experience and behavior that deviate markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture, are pervasive and inflexible, and lead to distress or impairment.
Cluster A (Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal Personality Disorders)
Cluster B (Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic Personality Disorders)
Cluster C (Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders)
Other Personality Disorders
Paraphilic Disorders
Paraphilic disorders involve intense and persistent sexual interests other than sexual interest in genital stimulation or preparatory fondling with phenotypically normal, physically mature, consenting human partners.
Voyeuristic Disorder
Exhibitionistic Disorder
Frotteuristic Disorder
Sexual Masochism Disorder
Sexual Sadism Disorder
Pedophilic Disorder
Fetishistic Disorder
Transvestic Disorder
Other Specified Paraphilic Disorder
Unspecified Paraphilic Disorder
Other Mental Disorders
This category includes a variety of conditions that do not fit neatly into the other categories but still require clinical attention.
Medication-Induced Movement Disorders and Other Adverse Effects of Medication
These disorders are related to medication use and include a range of movement disorders and other adverse effects.
Tardive Dyskinesia
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Medication-Induced Parkinsonism
Other medication-induced disorders
Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention
This category encompasses issues that may not be mental disorders but can significantly impact mental health, requiring clinical attention.